Chapter 5 Microwave Semiconductor Devices Microwave Transistors: It is a non linear device and its principle of operation is similar to that of low frequency device. Lamp Punched card Magnetic tape All of the above ⇒ In following figure, the initial contents of the 4-bit serial in parallel out, right shift, shift register as shown in figure are 0110. Methods of device fabrication are discussed, and present state of the art is tabulated for oscillators and amplifiers on a power-frequency basis. What are the applications of TRAPATT devices? Silicon Transistors are normally used for frequency range from UHF to S Band . Device op- erating principles, and their dependence upon material, impurity pro- file, structure, biasing, ana circuit loading are described. 6.Explain the operation of TRAPATT diode. The devices that helps to make a diode exhibit this property are called as Avalanche transit time devices. b)An additional phase shift introduced by the drift of carriers. applications. During the operation of the diode a high field avalanche zone propagates through the depletion region and fills the layer with a dense plasma of electrons and holes which get trapped in the low field region behind the zone. delay of 90 degree. Good result from TRAPATT diodes below 10 GHz. The examples of the devices that come under this category are IMPATT, TRAPATT and BARITT diodes. a)Carrier generation by impact ionization producing a current pulse of phase. in the TRAPATT mode as both oscillators and amplifiers. TRAPATT devices operate at frequencies from 400 MHz to about 12GHz. The development of application of a gigahertz repetition rate pulse generator using the anti-parallel Trapatt circuit is described. The applications … The Key phenomena are. It operates efficiently below 10 GHz and need greater voltage swing for its operation. After 3 clock pulses the contents of the shift register wil 0 101 1010 1110 45. Principle of operation :- A high field avalanche zone propagates through the diode and Explain plasma formation in TRAPATT diode. 46. The Trapatt diodes diameter ranges from as small as 50 µm for µw operation to 750 µm at lower frequency for high peak power device. The pulse generator produces 100 psec risetime pulses at 1 GHz repetition rates with over 200 volts amplitude into a 50 ohm load or open circuit and up to 4 amps into a short circuit. IMPATT Diode. TRAPATT DIODE The TRAPATT (Trapped Plasma Avalanche Triggered Transit) diode is another microwave energy which is used as both amplifier and oscillator. It is used as active compnent in monolithic integrated circuit for high power applications. ⇒ IC 74181 is a 4 bit device. The device P+ region is kept as thin as possible at 2.5 to 7.5 µm. The Trapatt diodes diameter ranges from as small as 50 µm for µw o peration to 750 µm at lower frequency for high peak power device. Let us take a look at each of them, in detail. Principle of operation : A high field avalanche zone propagates through the diode and fills the depletion layer with a dense plasma of electron & holes that become trapped in low-field region behind the zone. This report describes the results of a study of the diode-circuit interactions in TRAPATT oscillators which use series connected diode chips to produce higher power outputs than could be obtained from a single chip. TRUE FALSE ⇒ Which of these are two state devices? TRAPATT diode – external circuit interaction involved in the operation of the device in a practical RF circuit. We shall discuss a few of transit time device such as the impact avalanche transit time device IMPATT diode, quantum-well injection transit time QWITT diode, and trapped plasma avalanche triggered transit TRAPATT diode here. 10.3.1 IMPATT Diode The device operates by injection of carrier into the drift region is called impact It was first reported by Prager in 1967. 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