A few quick rules for identifying injective functions: An injective function can be determined by the horizontal line test or geometric test. Injective = one-to-one = monic : we say f:A –> B is one-to-one if “f passes a horizontal line test”. The first is not a function because if we imagine that it is traversed by a vertical line, it will cut the graph in two points. 2. Example picture (not a function): (8) Note: When defining a function it is important to limit the function (set x border values) because borders depend on the surjectivness, injectivness, bijectivness. Only one-to-one functions have inverses, so if your line hits the graph multiple times then don’t bother to calculate an inverse—because you won’t find one. Look for areas where the function crosses a horizontal line in at least two places; If this happens, then the function changes direction (e.g. See the horizontal and vertical test below (9). In the example shown, =+2 is surjective as the horizontal line crosses the function … The function f: R !R given by f(x) = x2 is not injective as, e.g., ( 21) = 12 = 1. Horizontal Line Testing for Surjectivity. $\begingroup$ See Horizontal line test: "we can decide if it is injective by looking at horizontal lines that intersect the function's graph." This means that every output has only one corresponding input. $\endgroup$ – Mauro ALLEGRANZA May 3 '18 at 12:46 1 ex: f:R –> R. y = e^x This function passes the vertical line test, but B ≠ R, so this function is injective but not surjective. The second graph and the third graph are results of functions because the imaginary vertical line does not cross the graphs more than once. If the horizontal line crosses the function AT LEAST once then the function is surjective. from increasing to decreasing), so it isn’t injective. If no horizontal line intersects the function in more than one point, the function is one-to-one (or injective). If f(a1) = f(a2) then a1=a2. Examples: An example of a relation that is not a function ... An example of a surjective function … You can find out if a function is injective by graphing it.An injective function must be continually increasing, or continually decreasing. In general, you can tell if functions like this are one-to-one by using the horizontal line test; if a horizontal line ever intersects the graph in two di er-ent places, the real-valued function is not … If a horizontal line intersects the graph of the function, more than one time, then the function is not mapped as one-to-one. The horizontal line test lets you know if a certain function has an inverse function, and if that inverse is also a function. All functions pass the vertical line test, but only one-to-one functions pass the horizontal line test. Example. With this test, you can see if any horizontal line drawn through the graph cuts through the function more than one time. 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